Representation of women in the upper chamber of parliament, 2023
Share of women in the upper chamber of parliament compared to women's population share. Values lower than 1 indicate fewer women are parliamentarians than would beexpected given their population share, a value higher than 1 indicates more women than expected.
2021
2023
All our related research and data
Charts
- A woman has the same rights to remarry as a man
- Average age at marriage, women
- Child marriage prohibited or invalidated
- Countries by share of women in parliament
- Countries in which a woman is government's chief executive
- Countries in which a woman is head of government
- Countries in which a woman is head of state
- Criminal penalties or civil remedies exist for sexual harassment in employment
- Days of paid maternity leave
- Dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited
- Distribution of women's political empowerment index
- Distribution of women's share in parliament
- Distribution of women's share in parliamentweighted by population
- Employment discrimination based on gender prohibited
- Equal rights to land ownership
- Exceptions to the legal age of marriage
- Female labor force participation ratesOECD & Long
- Gender discrimination in credit access prohibited
- Gender ratio for average years of schooling
- Law mandates equal remuneration for females and males for work of equal value
- Legal age of marriage for girls
- Legal frameworks addressing gender equality overall
- Legal frameworks addressing gender equality within marriage and family
- Legal frameworks addressing violence against women
- Legal provisions for child marriage
- Legislation addressing domestic violence specifically
- Legislation establishes clear criminal penalties for domestic violence
- Legislation on sexual harassment in employment
- Legislation that specifically addresses sexual harassment
- Male and female surviving spouses have equal rights to inherit assets
- Married couples jointly share legal responsibility for financially maintaining the family’s expenses
- Married women are required by law to obey their husbands
- Married women can legally confer citizenship to their children in the same way as married men
- Married women can legally confer their citizenship to a non-national spouse in the same way as married men
- Maternal mortality ratioWith SDG Target
- Men and married women have equal ownership rights to property
- Paid leave is available to fathers
- Paid leave of at least 14 weeks available to mothers
- Paid parental leave
- Penalties for authorizing or entering into child or early marriage
- Pension benefits account for periods of absence due to childcare
- People living in countries in which a woman is government's chief executive
- People living in countries in which a woman is head of government
- People living in countries in which a woman is head of state
- Presence of a specialized court or procedure for cases of domestic violence
- Prevalence of female genital mutilation
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation ratesLine chart
- Representation of women in the judiciary
- Representation of women in the lower chamber of parliament
- Retirement age with full pension benefits same for women and men
- Share of adults reporting having felt discriminated against
- Share of day women spend on unpaid domestic and care work
- Share of firms with a female top manager
- Share of population subjected to sexual violence, male vs. female
- Share of senior and middle management positions filled by women
- Share of the population subjected to physical violence, male vs. female
- Share of women in local government
- Share of women in ministerial positions
- Share of women in parliamentIPU
- Share of women in parliamentV-Dem
- Share of women that are expected to die from pregnancy-related causes
- Share of women using modern contraceptive methods
- Share of women who believe a husband is justified in beating his wife
- Share of women who experienced violence by an intimate partner
- Share of women who experienced violence by an intimate partnerIHME
- Share of women who experienced violence from an intimate partnerUnited Nations
- Share of women who make their own informed health care decisions
- Share of women who report having been victims of forced sex as children
- Share of women who were married by age 15
- Share of women who were married by age 18
- Share of young women who experienced sexual violence as children
- Sons and daughters have equal rights to inherit assets from their parents
- Spouses have equal legal administrative authority over assets during marriage
- Unadjusted gender gap in median earnings
- Unmarried women can legally confer citizenship to their children in the same way as married men
- Unmet need for contraception among married women of reproductive age
- Woman is government's chief executive
- Woman is head of government
- Woman is head of state
- Women and men's testimony carries the same evidentiary weight in court
- Women can apply for a passport in the same way as men
- Women can be head of household in the same way as men
- Women can choose where to live in the same way as men
- Women can obtain a judgment of divorce in the same way as men
- Women can obtain a national identity card in the same way as married men
- Women can open a bank account in the same way as men
- Women can sign a contract in the same way as men
- Women can take the same jobs as men
- Women can travel outside the country in the same way as men
- Women can travel outside their home in the same way as men
- Women can work at night in the same way as men
- Women can work in a job deemed dangerous in the same way as men
- Women can work in an industrial job in the same way as men
- Women participating in decisionmaking vs. children per woman
- Women who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health care
- Women's civil liberties index
- Women's civil liberties indexweighted by population
- Women's civil society participation index
- Women's civil society participation indexweighted by population
- Women's political empowerment index
- Women's political empowerment indexweighted by population
- Women's political empowerment index vs. electoral democracy index
- Women's political participation index
- Women's political participation indexweighted by population
- Women's universal right to voteLexical Index
- Women, Business and the Law Index